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Description
Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) remains a core technology for critical communications, while 5G mission-critical systems extend the broadband capabilities increasingly required by public safety networks. Current standardization has successfully defined interworking between TETRA and 5G mission-critical systems, but this primarily supports interoperability between two independent technology domains rather than a unified network architecture. This paper examines the current status of standardized TETRA–5G interworking and its implications for future public safety networks. By reviewing standards, reported interoperability results, and the architectural scope of existing solutions, the paper identifies the gap between interworking and unification. The analysis shows that standardized interworking provides a necessary basis for cross-domain interoperability, but remains insufficient for achieving a unified TETRA–5G architecture. The paper therefore argues that the evolution of future public safety networks requires moving beyond the current scope of standardized interworking toward a more unified architectural approach.